January 2018 | Health And News Articles - All about Health and Fitness

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert WATCH LIVE: NTSB to give details on deadly crash of Amtrak train carrying GOP lawmakers, 5:30 pm ET 01/31/1...

This Months Highlights

from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2DQOCze

Insights into the Regulation of Collecting Duct Homeostasis by Small Noncoding RNAs

from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2EsLnzf

Any Progress in the Treatment of Antibody-Mediated Rejection?

from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2DQi8VX

Making the Right Decision: Do Clinical Decision Support Systems for AKI Improve Patient Outcomes?

from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2ErsVa4

Banff Classification of Polyomavirus Nephropathy: A New Tool for Research and Clinical Practice

from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2DPSVuK

Editorial Note: From Both Sides Now

from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2ErpS1t

Should We Increase GFR with Bardoxolone in Alport Syndrome?

from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2DRzlOR

Bardoxolone--the Phoenix?

from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2Eu1lci

Clinical Translation of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapies in Nephrology

Mesenchymal stromal cells have emerged as potential candidates for cell-based therapies to modulate the immune response in organ transplantation and repair tissues after acute or chronic injury. Preclinical studies have shown convincingly in rodent models that mesenchymal stromal cells can prolong solid organ graft survival and that they can induce immune tolerance, accelerate recovery from AKI, and promote functional improvement in chronic nephropathies. Multiple complex properties of the cells, including immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and proregenerative effects, seem to contribute. The promising preclinical studies have encouraged investigators to explore the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cell–based therapy in pilot clinical trials, including those for bone marrow and solid organ transplantation, autoimmune diseases, and tissue and organ repair. Here, we review the available data on culture-expanded mesenchymal stromal cells tested in renal transplantation, AKI, and CKD. We also briefly discuss the relevant issues that must be addressed to ensure rigorous assessment of the safety and efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cell therapies to allow the translation of this research into the practice of clinical nephrology.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2DOJFH9

Clinical Translation of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapies in Nephrology

Mesenchymal stromal cells have emerged as potential candidates for cell-based therapies to modulate the immune response in organ transplanta...

Metabolic Acidosis and Subclinical Metabolic Acidosis in CKD

Metabolic acidosis is not uncommon in CKD and is linked with bone demineralization, muscle catabolism, and higher risks of CKD progression and mortality. Clinical practice guidelines recommend maintaining serum total CO2 at ≥22 mEq/L to help prevent these complications. Although a definitive trial testing whether correcting metabolic acidosis improves clinical outcomes has not been conducted, results from small, single-center studies support this notion. Furthermore, biologic plausibility supports the notion that a subset of patients with CKD have acid-mediated organ injury despite having a normal serum total CO2 and might benefit from oral alkali before overt acidosis develops. Identifying these individuals with subclinical metabolic acidosis is challenging, but recent results suggest that urinary acid excretion measurements may be helpful. The dose of alkali to provide in this setting is unknown as well. The review discusses these topics and the prevalence and risk factors of metabolic acidosis, mechanisms of acid-mediated organ injury, results from interventional studies, and potential harms of alkali therapy in CKD.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2Er0Y22

Metabolic Acidosis and Subclinical Metabolic Acidosis in CKD

Metabolic acidosis is not uncommon in CKD and is linked with bone demineralization, muscle catabolism, and higher risks of CKD progression a...

BP Measurement in Clinical Practice: Time to SPRINT to Guideline-Recommended Protocols

Hypertension is the leading chronic disease risk factor in the world and is especially important in patients with CKD, nearly 90% of whom have hypertension. Recently, in the Systolic BP Intervention Trial (SPRINT), intensive lowering of clinic systolic BP to a target <120 mm Hg, compared with a standard BP target of <140 mm Hg, reduced risk for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. However, because BP was measured unobserved using an automated device, some investigators have questioned the ability to translate SPRINT results into routine clinical practice, in which measurement of BP is typically less standardized. In this review, we discuss the BP measurement techniques used in major observational studies and clinical trials that form the evidence base for our current approach to treating hypertension, evaluate the effect of measurement technique on BP readings, and explore how ambulatory BP data from the SPRINT trial may inform this discussion. We conclude by arguing for implementation of guideline-recommended BP measurement techniques in routine clinical practice.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2DRziCF

BP Measurement in Clinical Practice: Time to SPRINT to Guideline-Recommended Protocols

Hypertension is the leading chronic disease risk factor in the world and is especially important in patients with CKD, nearly 90% of whom ha...

Tissue-Resident Lymphocytes in the Kidney

It has become evident that nonlymphoid tissues are populated by distinct subsets of innate and adaptive lymphocytes that are characterized by minimal exchange with recirculating counterparts. Especially at barrier sites, such as the skin, gut, and lung, these tissue-resident lymphocyte populations are ideally positioned to quickly respond to pathogens and other environmental stimuli. The kidney harbors several classes of innate and innate-like lymphocytes that have been described to contribute to this tissue-resident population in other organs, including innate lymphoid cells, natural killer cells, natural killer T cells, mucosal-associated invariant T cells, and T cells. Additionally, a substantial proportion of the adaptive lymphocytes that are found in the kidney displays a surface phenotype suggestive of tissue residency, such as CD69+CD4+ T cells. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of tissue-resident lymphocyte populations, review the available evidence for the existence of these populations in the kidney, and discuss the potential physiologic and pathophysiologic roles thereof in kidney.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2EsLlY9

Tissue-Resident Lymphocytes in the Kidney

It has become evident that nonlymphoid tissues are populated by distinct subsets of innate and adaptive lymphocytes that are characterized b...

Phospholipase A2 Receptor 1 Epitope Spreading at Baseline Predicts Reduced Likelihood of Remission of Membranous Nephropathy

The phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R1) is the major autoantigen in primary membranous nephropathy. Several PLA2R1 epitopes have been characterized, and a retrospective study identified PLA2R1 epitope spreading as a potential indicator of poor prognosis. Here, we analyzed the predictive value of anti-PLA2R1 antibody (PLA2R1-Ab) titers and epitope spreading in a prospective cohort of 58 patients positive for PLA2R1-Ab randomly allocated to rituximab (n=29) or antiproteinuric therapy alone (n=29). At baseline, the epitope profile (CysR, CysRC1, CysRC7, or CysRC1C7) did not correlate with age, sex, time from diagnosis, proteinuria, or serum albumin, but epitope spreading strongly correlated with PLA2R1-Ab titer (P<0.001). Ten (58.8%) of the 17 patients who had epitope spreading at baseline and were treated with rituximab showed reversal of epitope spreading at month 6. In adjusted analysis, epitope spreading at baseline was associated with a decreased remission rate at month 6 (odds ratio, 0.16; 95% confidence interval, 0.04 to 0.72; P=0.02) and last follow-up (median, 23 months; odds ratio, 0.14; 95% confidence interval, 0.03 to 0.64; P=0.01), independently from age, sex, baseline PLA2R1-Ab level, and treatment group. We propose that epitope spreading at baseline be considered in the decision for early therapeutic intervention in patients with primary membranous nephropathy.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2DRzge1

Phospholipase A2 Receptor 1 Epitope Spreading at Baseline Predicts Reduced Likelihood of Remission of Membranous Nephropathy

The phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R1) is the major autoantigen in primary membranous nephropathy. Several PLA2R1 epitopes have been charact...

TRPC5 Does Not Cause or Aggravate Glomerular Disease

Transient receptor potential channel 5 (TRPC5) is highly expressed in brain and kidney and mediates calcium influx and promotes cell migration. In the kidney, loss of TRPC5 function has been reported to benefit kidney filter dynamics by balancing podocyte cytoskeletal remodeling. However, in vivo gain-in-function studies of TRPC5 with respect to kidney function have not been reported. To address this gap, we developed two transgenic mouse models on the C57BL/6 background by overexpressing either wild-type TRPC5 or a TRPC5 ion-pore mutant. Compared with nontransgenic controls, neither transgenic model exhibited an increase in proteinuria at 8 months of age or a difference in LPS-induced albuminuria. Moreover, activation of TRPC5 by Englerin A did not stimulate proteinuria, and inhibition of TRPC5 by ML204 did not significantly lower the level of LPS-induced proteinuria in any group. Collectively, these data suggest that the overexpression or activation of the TRPC5 ion channel does not cause kidney barrier injury or aggravate such injury under pathologic conditions.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2Er0VDo

TRPC5 Does Not Cause or Aggravate Glomerular Disease

Transient receptor potential channel 5 (TRPC5) is highly expressed in brain and kidney and mediates calcium influx and promotes cell migrati...

Serum Response Factor Is Essential for Maintenance of Podocyte Structure and Function

Podocytes contain an intricate actin cytoskeleton that is essential for the specialized function of this cell type in renal filtration. Serum response factor (SRF) is a master transcription factor for the actin cytoskeleton, but the in vivo expression and function of SRF in podocytes are unknown. We found that SRF protein colocalizes with podocyte markers in human and mouse kidneys. Compared with littermate controls, mice in which the Srf gene was conditionally inactivated with NPHS2-Cre exhibited early postnatal proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and azotemia. Histologic changes in the mutant mice included glomerular capillary dilation and mild glomerulosclerosis, with reduced expression of multiple canonical podocyte markers. We also noted tubular dilation, cell proliferation, and protein casts as well as reactive changes in mesangial cells and interstitial inflammation. Ultrastructure analysis disclosed foot process effacement with loss of slit diaphragms. To ascertain the importance of SRF cofactors in podocyte function, we disabled the myocardin-related transcription factor A and B genes. Although loss of either SRF cofactor alone had no observable effect in the kidney, deficiency of both recapitulated the Srf-null phenotype. These results establish a vital role for SRF and two SRF cofactors in the maintenance of podocyte structure and function.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2DOV1uU

Serum Response Factor Is Essential for Maintenance of Podocyte Structure and Function

Podocytes contain an intricate actin cytoskeleton that is essential for the specialized function of this cell type in renal filtration. Seru...

Intragraft Molecular Pathways Associated with Tolerance Induction in Renal Transplantation

The modern immunosuppression regimen has greatly improved short-term allograft outcomes but not long-term allograft survival. Complications associated with immunosuppression, specifically nephrotoxicity and infection risk, significantly affect graft and patient survival. Inducing and understanding pathways underlying clinical tolerance after transplantation are, therefore, necessary. We previously showed full donor chimerism and immunosuppression withdrawal in highly mismatched allograft recipients using a bioengineered stem cell product (FCRx). Here, we evaluated the gene expression and microRNA expression profiles in renal biopsy samples from tolerance-induced FCRx recipients, paired donor organs before implant, and subjects under standard immunosuppression (SIS) without rejection and with acute rejection. Unlike allograft samples showing acute rejection, samples from FCRx recipients did not show upregulation of T cell– and B cell–mediated rejection pathways. Gene expression pathways differed slightly between FCRx samples and the paired preimplantation donor organ samples, but most of the functional gene networks overlapped. Notably, compared with SIS samples, FCRx samples showed upregulation of genes involved in pathways, like B cell receptor signaling. Additionally, prediction analysis showed inhibition of proinflammatory regulators and activation of anti-inflammatory pathways in FCRx samples. Furthermore, integrative analyses (microRNA and gene expression profiling from the same biopsy sample) identified the induction of regulators with demonstrated roles in the downregulation of inflammatory pathways and maintenance of tissue homeostasis in tolerance-induced FCRx samples compared with SIS samples. This pilot study highlights the utility of molecular intragraft evaluation of pathways related to FCRx-induced tolerance and the use of integrative analyses for identifying upstream regulators of the affected downstream molecular pathways.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2EtdePS

Intragraft Molecular Pathways Associated with Tolerance Induction in Renal Transplantation

The modern immunosuppression regimen has greatly improved short-term allograft outcomes but not long-term allograft survival. Complications ...

Modulation of Renal GLUT2 by the Cannabinoid-1 Receptor: Implications for the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy

Altered glucose reabsorption via the facilitative glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) during diabetes may lead to renal proximal tubule cell (RPTC) injury, inflammation, and interstitial fibrosis. These pathologies are also triggered by activating the cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB1R), which contributes to the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the link between CB1R and GLUT2 remains to be determined. Here, we show that chronic peripheral CB1R blockade or genetically inactivating CB1Rs in the RPTCs ameliorated diabetes-induced renal structural and functional changes, kidney inflammation, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in mice. Inhibition of CB1R also downregulated GLUT2 expression, affected the dynamic translocation of GLUT2 to the brush border membrane of RPTCs, and reduced glucose reabsorption. Thus, targeting peripheral CB1R or inhibiting GLUT2 dynamics in RPTCs has the potential to treat and ameliorate DN. These findings may support the rationale for the clinical testing of peripherally restricted CB1R antagonists or the development of novel renal-specific GLUT2 inhibitors against DN.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2DQoGDK

Modulation of Renal GLUT2 by the Cannabinoid-1 Receptor: Implications for the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy

Altered glucose reabsorption via the facilitative glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) during diabetes may lead to renal proximal tubule cell (RPT...

MicroRNA-709 Mediates Acute Tubular Injury through Effects on Mitochondrial Function

Mitochondrial dysfunction has important roles in the pathogenesis of AKI, yet therapeutic approaches to improve mitochondrial function remain limited. In this study, we investigated the pathogenic role of microRNA-709 (miR-709) in mediating mitochondrial impairment and tubular cell death in AKI. In a cisplatin-induced AKI mouse model and in biopsy samples of human AKI kidney tissue, miR-709 was significantly upregulated in the proximal tubular cells (PTCs). The expression of miR-709 in the renal PTCs of patients with AKI correlated with the severity of kidney injury. In cultured mouse PTCs, overexpression of miR-709 markedly induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis, and inhibition of miR-709 ameliorated cisplatin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell injury. Further analyses showed that mitochondrial transcriptional factor A (TFAM) is a target gene of miR-709, and genetic restoration of TFAM attenuated mitochondrial dysfunction and cell injury induced by cisplatin or miR-709 overexpression in vitro. Moreover, antagonizing miR-709 with an miR-709 antagomir dramatically attenuated cisplatin-induced kidney injury and mitochondrial dysfunction in mice. Collectively, our results suggest that miR-709 has an important role in mediating cisplatin-induced AKI via negative regulation of TFAM and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction. These findings reveal a pathogenic role of miR-709 in acute tubular injury and suggest a novel target for the treatment of AKI.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2EpfZRX

MicroRNA-709 Mediates Acute Tubular Injury through Effects on Mitochondrial Function

Mitochondrial dysfunction has important roles in the pathogenesis of AKI, yet therapeutic approaches to improve mitochondrial function remai...

Chromatin Conformation Links Distal Target Genes to CKD Loci

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified many genetic risk factors for CKD. However, linking common variants to genes that are causal for CKD etiology remains challenging. By adapting self-transcribing active regulatory region sequencing, we evaluated the effect of genetic variation on DNA regulatory elements (DREs). Variants in linkage with the CKD-associated single-nucleotide polymorphism rs11959928 were shown to affect DRE function, illustrating that genes regulated by DREs colocalizing with CKD-associated variation can be dysregulated and therefore, considered as CKD candidate genes. To identify target genes of these DREs, we used circular chromosome conformation capture (4C) sequencing on glomerular endothelial cells and renal tubular epithelial cells. Our 4C analyses revealed interactions of CKD-associated susceptibility regions with the transcriptional start sites of 304 target genes. Overlap with multiple databases confirmed that many of these target genes are involved in kidney homeostasis. Expression quantitative trait loci analysis revealed that mRNA levels of many target genes are genotype dependent. Pathway analyses showed that target genes were enriched in processes crucial for renal function, identifying dysregulated geranylgeranyl diphosphate biosynthesis as a potential disease mechanism. Overall, our data annotated multiple genes to previously reported CKD-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms and provided evidence for interaction between these loci and target genes. This pipeline provides a novel technique for hypothesis generation and complements classic GWAS interpretation. Future studies are required to specify the implications of our dataset and further reveal the complex roles that common variants have in complex diseases, such as CKD.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2DToVy5

Chromatin Conformation Links Distal Target Genes to CKD Loci

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified many genetic risk factors for CKD. However, linking common variants to genes that ar...

Progressive Renal Disease Established by Renin-Coding Adeno-Associated Virus-Driven Hypertension in Diverse Diabetic Models

Progress in research and developing therapeutics to prevent diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is limited by a lack of animal models exhibiting progressive kidney disease. Chronic hypertension, a driving factor of disease progression in human patients, is lacking in most available models of diabetes. We hypothesized that superimposition of hypertension on diabetic mouse models would accelerate DKD. To test this possibility, we induced persistent hypertension in three mouse models of type 1 diabetes and two models of type 2 diabetes by adeno-associated virus delivery of renin (ReninAAV). Compared with LacZAAV-treated counterparts, ReninAAV-treated type 1 diabetic Akita/129 mice exhibited a substantial increase in albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) and serum creatinine level and more severe renal lesions. In type 2 models of diabetes (C57BKLS db/db and BTBR ob/ob mice), compared with LacZAAV, ReninAAV induced significant elevations in ACR and increased the incidence and severity of histopathologic findings, with increased serum creatinine detected only in the ReninAAV-treated db/db mice. The uninephrectomized ReninAAV db/db model was the most progressive model examined and further characterized. In this model, separate treatment of hyperglycemia with rosiglitazone or hypertension with lisinopril partially reduced ACR, consistent with independent contributions of these disorders to renal disease. Microarray analysis and comparison with human DKD showed common pathways affected in human disease and this model. These results identify novel models of progressive DKD that provide researchers with a facile and reliable method to study disease pathogenesis and support the development of therapeutics.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2EteGBI

Progressive Renal Disease Established by Renin-Coding Adeno-Associated Virus-Driven Hypertension in Diverse Diabetic Models

Progress in research and developing therapeutics to prevent diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is limited by a lack of animal models exhibiting p...

Tonicity-Responsive Enhancer-Binding Protein Mediates Hyperglycemia-Induced Inflammation and Vascular and Renal Injury

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has become the single leading cause of ESRD in developed nations. Bearing in mind the paucity of effective treatment for DN and progressive CKD, novel targets for treatment are sorely needed. We previously reported that increased activity of tonicity-responsive enhancer-binding protein (TonEBP) in monocytes was associated with early DN in humans. We now extend these findings by testing the hypotheses that TonEBP in macrophages promotes hyperglycemia-mediated proinflammatory activation and chronic renal inflammation leading to DN and CKD, and TonEBP genetic variability in humans is associated with inflammatory, renal, and vascular function–related phenotypes. In a mouse model of DN, compared with the wild-type phenotype, TonEBP haplodeficiency associated with reduced activation of macrophages by hyperglycemia, fewer macrophages in the kidney, lower renal expression of proinflammatory genes, and attenuated DN. Furthermore, in a cohort of healthy humans, genetic variants within TonEBP associated with renal function, BP, and systemic inflammation. One of the genetic variants associated with renal function was replicated in a large population-based cohort. These findings suggest that TonEBP is a promising target for minimizing diabetes- and stress-induced inflammation and renovascular injury.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2DRz12B

Tonicity-Responsive Enhancer-Binding Protein Mediates Hyperglycemia-Induced Inflammation and Vascular and Renal Injury

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has become the single leading cause of ESRD in developed nations. Bearing in mind the paucity of effective treatme...

Reduced Expression of Glutathione S-Transferase {alpha}4 Promotes Vascular Neointimal Hyperplasia in CKD

Neointima formation is the leading cause of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) failure. We have shown that CKD accelerates this process by transforming the vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) lining the AVF from a contractile to the synthetic phenotype. However, the underlying mechanisms affecting this transformation are not clear. Previous studies have shown that the α-class glutathione transferase isozymes have an important role in regulating 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE)–mediated proliferative signaling of cells. Here, using both the loss- and gain-of-function approaches, we investigated the role of glutathione S-transferase α4 (GSTA4) in modulating cellular 4-HNE levels for the transformation and proliferation of SMCs. Compared with non-CKD controls, mice with CKD had downregulated expression of GSTA4 at the mRNA and protein levels, with concomitant increase in 4-HNE in arteries and veins. This effect was associated with upregulated phosphorylation of MAPK signaling pathway proteins in proliferating SMCs. Overexpressing GSTA4 blocked 4-HNE–induced SMC proliferation. Additionally, inhibitors of MAPK signaling inhibited the 4-HNE–induced responses. Compared with wild-type mice, mice lacking GSTA4 exhibited increased CKD-induced neointima formation in AVF. Transient expression of an activated form of GSTA4, achieved using a combined Tet-On/Cre induction system in mice, lowered levels of 4-HNE and reduced the proliferation of SMCs. Together, these results demonstrate the critical role of GSTA4 in blocking CKD-induced neointima formation and AVF failure.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2Espekz

Reduced Expression of Glutathione S-Transferase {alpha}4 Promotes Vascular Neointimal Hyperplasia in CKD

Neointima formation is the leading cause of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) failure. We have shown that CKD accelerates this process by transfor...

Suppression of microRNA Activity in Kidney Collecting Ducts Induces Partial Loss of Epithelial Phenotype and Renal Fibrosis

microRNAs (miRNAs) are sequence-specific inhibitors of post-transcriptional gene expression. The physiologic function of these noncoding RNAs in postnatal renal tubules still remains unclear. Surprisingly, they appear to be dispensable for mammalian proximal tubule (PT) function. Here, we examined the effects of miRNA suppression in collecting ducts (CDs). To conclusively evaluate the role of miRNAs, we generated three mouse models with CD-specific inactivation of key miRNA pathway genes Dicer, Dgcr8, and the entire Argonaute gene family (Ago1, 2, 3, and 4). Characterization of these three mouse models revealed that inhibition of miRNAs in CDs spontaneously evokes a renal tubule injury–like response, which culminates in progressive tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) and renal failure. Global miRNA profiling of microdissected renal tubules showed that miRNAs exhibit segmental distribution along the nephron and CDs. In particular, the expression of miR-200c is nearly 70-fold higher in CDs compared with PTs. Accordingly, miR-200s are downregulated in Dicer-KO CDs, its direct target genes Zeb1, Zeb2, and Snail2 are upregulated, and miRNA-depleted CDs undergo partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Thus, miRNAs are essential for CD homeostasis. Downregulation of CD-enriched miRNAs and the subsequent induction of partial EMT may be a new mechanism for TIF progression.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2DRyXQp

Suppression of microRNA Activity in Kidney Collecting Ducts Induces Partial Loss of Epithelial Phenotype and Renal Fibrosis

microRNAs (miRNAs) are sequence-specific inhibitors of post-transcriptional gene expression. The physiologic function of these noncoding RNA...

Activated Hedgehog-GLI Signaling Causes Congenital Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction

Intrinsic ureteropelvic junction obstruction is the most common cause of congenital hydronephrosis, yet the underlying pathogenesis is undefined. Hedgehog proteins control morphogenesis by promoting GLI-dependent transcriptional activation and inhibiting the formation of the GLI3 transcriptional repressor. Hedgehog regulates differentiation and proliferation of ureteric smooth muscle progenitor cells during murine kidney-ureter development. Histopathologic findings of smooth muscle cell hypertrophy and stroma-like cells, consistently observed in obstructing tissue at the time of surgical correction, suggest that Hedgehog signaling is abnormally regulated during the genesis of congenital intrinsic ureteropelvic junction obstruction. Here, we demonstrate that constitutively active Hedgehog signaling in murine intermediate mesoderm–derived renal progenitors results in hydronephrosis and failure to develop a patent pelvic-ureteric junction. Tissue obstructing the ureteropelvic junction was marked as early as E13.5 by an ectopic population of cells expressing Ptch2, a Hedgehog signaling target. Constitutive expression of GLI3 repressor in Ptch1-deficient mice rescued ectopic Ptch2 expression and obstructive hydronephrosis. Whole transcriptome analysis of isolated Ptch2+ cells revealed coexpression of genes characteristic of stromal progenitor cells. Genetic lineage tracing indicated that stromal cells blocking the ureteropelvic junction were derived from intermediate mesoderm–derived renal progenitors and were distinct from the smooth muscle or epithelial lineages. Analysis of obstructive ureteric tissue resected from children with congenital intrinsic ureteropelvic junction obstruction revealed a molecular signature similar to that observed in Ptch1-deficient mice. Together, these results demonstrate a Hedgehog-dependent mechanism underlying mammalian intrinsic ureteropelvic junction obstruction.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2ErNxiv

Activated Hedgehog-GLI Signaling Causes Congenital Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction

Intrinsic ureteropelvic junction obstruction is the most common cause of congenital hydronephrosis, yet the underlying pathogenesis is undef...

Extracellular Adenosine Stimulates Vacuolar ATPase-Dependent Proton Secretion in Medullary Intercalated Cells

Acidosis is an important complication of AKI and CKD. Renal intercalated cells (ICs) express the proton pumping vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) and are extensively involved in acid-base homeostasis. H+ secretion in type A intercalated cells (A-ICs) is regulated by apical vesicle recycling and stimulated by cAMP. In other cell types, cAMP is increased by extracellular agonists, including adenosine, through purinergic receptors. Adenosine is a Food and Drug Administration–approved drug, but very little is known about the effect of adenosine on IC function. Therefore, we investigated the role of adenosine in the regulation of V-ATPase in ICs. Intravenous treatment of mice with adenosine or agonists of ADORA2A and ADORA2B purinergic P1 receptors induced V-ATPase apical membrane accumulation in medullary A-ICs but not in cortical A-ICs or other IC subtypes. Both receptors are located in A-IC apical membranes, and adenosine injection increased urine adenosine concentration and decreased urine pH. Cell fractionation showed that adenosine or an ADORA2A or ADORA2B agonist induced V-ATPase translocation from vesicles to the plasma membrane and increased protein kinase A (PKA)–dependent protein phosphorylation in purified medullary ICs that were isolated from mice. Either ADORA2A or ADORA2B antagonists or the PKA inhibitor mPKI blocked these effects. Finally, a fluorescence pH assay showed that adenosine activates V-ATPase in isolated medullary ICs. Our study shows that medullary A-ICs respond to luminal adenosine through ADORA2A and ADORA2B receptors in a cAMP/PKA pathway–dependent mechanism to induce V-ATPase–dependent H+ secretion.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2DToLGZ

Extracellular Adenosine Stimulates Vacuolar ATPase-Dependent Proton Secretion in Medullary Intercalated Cells

Acidosis is an important complication of AKI and CKD. Renal intercalated cells (ICs) express the proton pumping vacuolar H + -ATPase (V-ATPa...

Redirecting TGF-{beta} Signaling through the {beta}-Catenin/Foxo Complex Prevents Kidney Fibrosis

TGF-β is a key profibrotic factor, but targeting TGF-β to prevent fibrosis also abolishes its protective anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that we can redirect TGF-β signaling by preventing downstream profibrotic interaction of β-catenin with T cell factor (TCF), thereby enhancing the interaction of β-catenin with Foxo, a transcription factor that controls differentiation of TGF-β induced regulatory T cells (iTregs), and thus, enhance anti-inflammatory effects of TGF-β. In iTregs derived from EL4 T cells treated with recombinant human TGF-β1 (rhTGF-β1) in vitro, inhibition of β-catenin/TCF transcription with ICG-001 increased Foxp3 expression, interaction of β-catenin and Foxo1, binding of Foxo1 to the Foxp3 promoter, and Foxo transcriptional activity. Moreover, the level of β-catenin expression positively correlated with the level of Foxo1 binding to the Foxp3 promoter and Foxo transcriptional activity. T cell fate mapping in Foxp3gfp Ly5.1/5.2 mice revealed that coadministration of rhTGF-β1 and ICG-001 further enhanced the expansion of iTregs and natural Tregs observed with rhTGF-β1 treatment alone. Coadministration of rhTGF-β1 with ICG-001 also increased the number of Tregs and reduced inflammation and fibrosis in the kidney fibrosis models of unilateral ureteric obstruction and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Notably, ICG-001 prevented the fibrosis in distant organs (lung and liver) caused by rhTGF-β1. Together, our results show that diversion of β-catenin from TCF- to Foxo-mediated transcription inhibits the β-catenin/TCF–mediated profibrotic effects of TGF-β while enhancing the β-catenin/Foxo–mediated anti-inflammatory effects. Targeting β-catenin/Foxo may be a novel therapeutic strategy in the treatment of fibrotic diseases that lead to organ failure.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2ErCXIe

Redirecting TGF-{beta} Signaling through the {beta}-Catenin/Foxo Complex Prevents Kidney Fibrosis

TGF- β is a key profibrotic factor, but targeting TGF- β to prevent fibrosis also abolishes its protective anti-inflammatory effects. Here...

Overweight and Obesity Are Predictors of Progression in Early Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease

The association of overweight/obesity with disease progression in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) remains untested. We hypothesized that overweight/obesity associates with faster progression in early-stage ADPKD. Overall, 441 nondiabetic participants with ADPKD and an eGFR>60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 who participated in the Halt Progression of Polycystic Kidney Disease Study A were categorized on the basis of body mass index (BMI; calculated using nonkidney and nonliver weight) as normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2; reference; n=192), overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m2; n=168), or obese (≥30 kg/m2; n=81). We evaluated the longitudinal (5-year) association of overweight/obesity with change in total kidney volume (TKV) by magnetic resonance imaging using linear regression and multinomial logistic regression models. Among participants, mean±SD age was 37±8 years, annual percent change in TKV was 7.4%±5.1%, and BMI was 26.3±4.9 kg/m2. The annual percent change in TKV increased with increasing BMI category (normal weight: 6.1%±4.7%, overweight: 7.9%±4.8%, obese: 9.4%±6.2%; P<0.001). In the fully adjusted model, higher BMI associated with greater annual percent change in TKV (β=0.79; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.18 to 1.39, per 5-unit increase in BMI). Overweight and obesity associated with increased odds of annual percent change in TKV ≥7% compared with <5% (overweight: odds ratio, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.15 to 3.56; obese: odds ratio, 3.76; 95% CI, 1.81 to 7.80). Obesity also independently associated with greater eGFR decline (slope) versus normal weight (fully adjusted β =–0.08; 95% CI, –0.15 to –0.02). In conclusion, overweight and, particularly, obesity are strongly and independently associated with rate of progression in early-stage ADPKD.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2DQOBva

Overweight and Obesity Are Predictors of Progression in Early Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease

The association of overweight/obesity with disease progression in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) remains...

Longitudinal FGF23 Trajectories and Mortality in Patients with CKD

Elevated fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels, measured at a single time, are strongly associated with increased risk of mortality in patients with CKD. There are minimal data on serial FGF23 measurements in CKD. In a prospective case-cohort study of the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort, we measured FGF23 at two to five annual time points (mean 4.0±1.2) in a randomly selected subcohort of 1135 participants, of whom 203 died, and all remaining 390 participants who died through mid-2013. Higher FGF23 was independently associated with increased risk of death in multivariable-adjusted analyses of time-varying FGF23 (hazard ratio per 1-SD increase in ln-transformed FGF23, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.67 to 2.03). Median FGF23 was stable over 5 years of follow-up, but its gradually right-skewed distribution suggested a subpopulation with markedly elevated FGF23. Trajectory analysis revealed three distinct trajectories: stable FGF23 in the majority of participants (slope of lnFGF23 per year =0.03, 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.04, n=724) and smaller subpopulations with slowly (slope=0.14, 95% CI, 0.12 to 0.16, n=486) or rapidly (slope=0.46, 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.54, n=99) rising levels. Compared with stable FGF23, participants with slowly rising FGF23 trajectories were at 4.49-fold higher risk of death (95% CI, 3.17 to 6.35) and individuals with rapidly rising FGF23 trajectories were at 15.23-fold higher risk of death (95% CI, 8.24 to 28.14) in fully adjusted analyses. Trajectory analyses that used four or three annual FGF23 measurements yielded qualitatively similar results. In conclusion, FGF23 levels are stable over time in the majority of patients with CKD, but serial measurements identify subpopulations with rising levels and exceptionally high risk of death.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2EuP4Eg

Longitudinal FGF23 Trajectories and Mortality in Patients with CKD

Elevated fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels, measured at a single time, are strongly associated with increased risk of mortality in ...

A Randomized Trial of Bortezomib in Late Antibody-Mediated Kidney Transplant Rejection

Late antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) is a leading cause of kidney allograft failure. Uncontrolled studies have suggested efficacy of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, but no systematic trial has been undertaken to support its use in ABMR. In this randomized, placebo-controlled trial (the Bortezomib in Late Antibody-Mediated Kidney Transplant Rejection [BORTEJECT] Trial), we investigated whether two cycles of bortezomib (each cycle: 1.3 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1, 4, 8, and 11) prevent GFR decline by halting the progression of late donor-specific antibody (DSA)–positive ABMR. Forty-four DSA-positive kidney transplant recipients with characteristic ABMR morphology (median time after transplant, 5.0 years; pretransplant DSA documented in 19 recipients), who were identified on cross-sectional screening of 741 patients, were randomly assigned to receive bortezomib (n=21) or placebo (n=23). The 0.5-ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year (95% confidence interval, –4.8 to 5.8) difference detected between bortezomib and placebo in eGFR slope (primary end point) was not significant (P=0.86). We detected no significant differences between bortezomib- and placebo-treated groups in median measured GFR at 24 months (33 versus 42 ml/min per 1.73 m2; P=0.31), 2-year graft survival (81% versus 96%; P=0.12), urinary protein concentration, DSA levels, or morphologic or molecular rejection phenotypes in 24-month follow-up biopsy specimens. Bortezomib, however, associated with gastrointestinal and hematologic toxicity. In conclusion, our trial failed to show that bortezomib prevents GFR loss, improves histologic or molecular disease features, or reduces DSA, despite significant toxicity. Our results reinforce the need for systematic trials to dissect the efficiency and safety of new treatments for late ABMR.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2DToEex

A Randomized Trial of Bortezomib in Late Antibody-Mediated Kidney Transplant Rejection

Late antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) is a leading cause of kidney allograft failure. Uncontrolled studies have suggested efficacy of the ...

Dynamic Prognostic Score to Predict Kidney Allograft Survival in Patients with Antibody-Mediated Rejection

No tool is available for the early assessment of response to antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) therapies in kidney allograft recipients. This study was designed to define a dynamic composite prognostic ABMR score to predict kidney allograft survival, integrating the disease characteristics at diagnosis and the response to treatment. Among 1978 kidney recipients who underwent transplant between 2008 and 2014, we included 278 patients diagnosed with active ABMR and receiving standard treatment, including plasma exchange, intravenous Ig, and rituximab. Patients were prospectively assessed at diagnosis and after treatment for clinical data, histologic characteristics (allograft biopsy specimen), and donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (DSA). The dynamic ABMR prediction model included GFR (P<0.001) and presence of interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (P=0.003) at diagnosis and changes in GFR (P<0.001), peritubular capillaritis Banff score (P=0.002), and DSA mean fluorescence intensity (P<0.001) after treatment. Overall, this model showed good calibration and discrimination (C-statistic=0.84). The ABMR prognostic score derived from the prediction model identified three risk strata with 6-year kidney allograft survival rates of 6.0% (high-risk group, n=40), 44.9% (intermediate-risk group, n=36), and 84.4% (low-risk group, n=202), and it provided greater net clinical benefit to patients than did considering them all to have the same level of risk of allograft loss. The performance of the ABMR prognostic score was validated in an independent cohort of 202 kidney recipients with ABMR (C-statistic=0.79). The ABMR prognostic score could be used to inform therapeutic decisions in clinical practice and for the design of clinical trials.
 
 
from Journal of the American Society of Nephrology current issue http://ift.tt/2ErCXrI

Dynamic Prognostic Score to Predict Kidney Allograft Survival in Patients with Antibody-Mediated Rejection

No tool is available for the early assessment of response to antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) therapies in kidney allograft recipients. Th...

Medical News Today: What you should know about a punctured lung

A look at punctured lung, a condition where air escapes from the lung into the chest cavity. Included is detail on the causes and outlook. ...

Medical News Today: What is this bump on my eyelid?

Learn all about the different types of bump that can appear on the eyelids. This article examines their causes and treatment options. from...

Medical News Today: What are the signs that someone is close to death?

A look at the signs of death and indications that someone is near to the end. Included is detail on when to say goodbye and how to cope with...

Medical News Today: Could a bacterium found in milk trigger rheumatoid arthritis?

New research examines people with rheumatoid arthritis and finds that many of them have a genetic predisposition for the disease and a commo...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert 1 dead in train carrying lawmakers to GOP retreat in West Virginia 01/31/18 12:43 PM

Medical News Today: Understanding anhedonia: What happens in the brain?

People with anhedonia can no longer enjoy the things that they once loved. In this Spotlight feature, we ask what's going on in the brai...

Medical News Today: Alzheimer's: Brain implant could improve cognitive function

Is deep brain stimulation a way forward in treating Alzheimer's disease? A phase I clinical trial suggests that it can improve cognitive...

Medical News Today: How to improve circulation

Circulation is the process by which the heart pumps a person's blood around their body. How can someone improve their circulation? fro...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Rep. Trey Gowdy, R-S.C., announces he will not seek re-election in November 01/31/18 12:25 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Federal prosecutors decide not to retry Sen. Bob Menendez, whose bribery case ended in a mistrial in November...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Train carrying lawmakers to Republican retreat in West Virginia involved in crash 01/31/18 11:45 AM

Medical News Today: Blood vessel discovery may prevent diabetes

A new approach that allows direct measurement in live animals yields fresh clues on how insulin travels through blood vessel walls to reach ...

Medical News Today: How to prevent and improve crepey skin

A look at crepey skin, a common complaint where the skin looks thin and wrinkled. Included is detail on prevention and the role of nutrition...

Medical News Today: What can be done about eczema on the scalp?

In this article, learn all about when eczema affects the scalp. We look at the symptoms, triggers, and treatment options for this condition....

Dr. Brenda Fitzgerald, C.D.C. Director, Resigns Over Tobacco and Other Investments

By SHEILA KAPLAN from NYT Health http://ift.tt/2rY8gba

Medical News Today: What causes Battle's sign?

Battle’s sign is a crescent-shaped bruise that appears behind one or both ears. It can be an indication of a serious head injury. Learn more...

Medical News Today: Odynophagia: Symptoms, causes, and dysphagia

Odynophagia is when it is painful to swallow. This pain may occur in the throat, mouth, or food pipe and has a variety of potential causes. ...

Medical News Today: Second-hand toys contain 'surprising' levels of toxic chemicals

A study that examined 200 old toys from homes, nurseries, and thrift stores found worrying levels of toxic elements, such as bromine, cadmiu...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Watch the ultra-rare Super Blue Blood Moon 01/31/18 5:52 AM

Medical News Today: Who are your real friends? Your brainwaves can tell

Are we on the same wavelength as our friends? A recent study that analyzed people's brain activity using functional MRI says that we are...

Medical News Today: The end of toxic chemo? Blocking vitamin B-2 may stop cancer

New drug candidate may change chemotherapy as we know it; this compound stops cancer cells from spreading and has no toxic side effects, a n...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Trump invites Dems to help protect all US citizens 'because Americans are dreamers too' 01/30/18 9:...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Trump says honoring veterans is ‘why we proudly stand for the national anthem’ 01/30/18 9:37 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Clinton, moments before SOTU, explains why she didn't fire campaign adviser 01/30/18 9:31 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Trump touts America’s success over the past year: ‘This is our new American moment.’ 01/30/18 9:28 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert WATCH LIVE: Trump enters chamber for State of the Union speech 01/30/18 9:06 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert LIVE BLOG: Guests arrive for Trump’s State of the Union 01/30/18 8:49 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Excerpts released from Joe Kennedy's response to State of the Union 01/30/18 8:18 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Trump's State of the Union excerpts released 01/30/18 6:45 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Watch Fox News Channel for continuing coverage and live analysis of President Trump's State of the Union ...

Medical News Today: What are the causes of forearm pain?

A look at forearm pain, a condition characterized by pain between the elbow and the wrist. Included is detail on the treatment options and p...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Worker who sent false Hawaii missile-attack alert is fired; emergency management leader resigns 01/30/18 4:...

Medical News Today: What does it mean if I have a mole that itches?

A look at itchy moles, a common complaint that can have a variety of causes. Included is detail on how to tell if a doctor should examine a ...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert ‘Glee’ star Mark Salling dead at age 35, AP reports 01/30/18 1:46 PM

Medical News Today: E-cigarettes may cause cancer and heart disease, says study

E-cigarette use may lead to cancer and heart disease, say researchers, after finding that e-cigarette vapor can cause damage to DNA. from ...

Medical News Today: What you should know about trench foot

A look at trench foot, a condition that happens when the feet are exposed to damp and moisture for an extended time. Included is detail on p...

Medical News Today: Body clock disruptions may be an early sign of Alzheimer's

People whose brain scans reveal very early preclinical signs of Alzheimer's disease also have disruptions in their sleep/wake cycles, a ...

Medical News Today: Multiple sclerosis: 'Guardian molecule' may lead to new treatment

A study of male mice finds that testosterone triggers production of a protective molecule that prevents the development of immune cells that...

Medical News Today: How do dermarollers work?

Learn all about how to use dermarollers, and what effects they could have on the skin. We also look at things to consider when dermarolling....

Medical News Today: What are the best ways to get rid of large pores?

A look at how to get rid of large pores if they cause aesthetic discomfort. Included is detail on home remedies and why pores become enlarge...

Medical News Today: What is scrotal eczema?

Learn about scrotal eczema, a form of eczema that affects the scrotum. We examine the symptoms, treatment options, and management tips for t...

Medical News Today: Cloves: Nutritional facts and health benefits

Cloves have been used in cooking and traditional medicine for many years. In this article, learn about their potential health benefits. fr...

Medical News Today: How many carbs should dieters eat for weight loss?

In this article, we look at how the amount of carbs people eat affects weight loss. We also examine what carbs are best for people aiming to...

Medical News Today: This peptide may explain female sexual behavior

How the brain orchestrates hormonal cycles, sexual behavior, and attraction has outfoxed scientists for years. A new study implicates kisspe...

Medical News Today: Aerobic exercise may be key for Alzheimer's prevention

Exercise may improve cognition and prevent Alzheimer's disease, but are some forms of exercise better than others? New research investig...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert House Intel Committee votes to release classified FISA memo 01/29/18 6:32 PM

Medical News Today: How long does it take to build muscle?

A look at how long it takes to build muscle by working out. Included is detail on macronutrients and the best way to build muscle safely and...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert FBI Deputy Director Andrew McCabe was ‘removed’ from his post, Fox News has learned 01/29/18 1:04 PM

Medical News Today: Fish-derived omega-3 best for preventing breast cancer

Compared with the plant-based omega-3 ALA, EPA and DHA — which come from fatty fish — are much better for preventing breast cancer, research...

Medical News Today: What different types of headaches are there?

Learn about some different primary and secondary headaches, including their causes and triggers. For each, we also examine the available tre...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert FBI Deputy Director Andrew McCabe is stepping down from the bureau, Fox News has learned 01/29/18 12:45 PM

Medical News Today: The 10 best period tracking apps

If you want to become an expert on when your next period is due or become more body aware, period tracking apps can help you. Here are the b...

Medical News Today: Fear of being touched: Causes and treatments for haphephobia

Haphephobia is an anxiety disorder characterized by a fear of being touched. In this article, we look at the causes, risk factors, and how t...

Medical News Today: Breast cancer: Protein that drives metastasis uncovered

Researchers find a specific protein that helps breast cancer tumors to spread and use a combined form of therapy to reduce metastasis in mic...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert FBI Director Wray viewed a controversial memo on Obama administration spying 01/29/18 12:15 PM

Medical News Today: Letter from the Editor: Things are looking up

The first month of 2018 is nearly over. Managing Editor Marie Ellis gives her monthly update for January, and things are looking up. from ...

Medical News Today: Just 30 minutes of light exercise each day can benefit health

More time spent in light-intensity physical activity and less being sedentary is tied to lower risk of all-cause and cardiovascular death, n...

Medical News Today: Serosanguineous drainage: Is it normal?

Serosanguineous is wound discharge that contains both blood and blood serum. In small amounts, it is a natural part of healing. Learn more. ...

Scientists Discover a Bone-Deep Risk for Heart Disease

By GINA KOLATA from NYT Health http://ift.tt/2EkPHQJ

Medical News Today: What is ozone therapy? Benefits and risks

Ozone therapy is thought to improve the body's intake and use of oxygen and to activate the immune system. Learn more about the benefits...

Medical News Today: What is iliotibial band syndrome and how is it treated?

Learn about iliotibial band syndrome and how it is treated. We include a list of stretches and exercises that can help treat and prevent thi...

Medical News Today: The pros and cons of e-cigarettes revealed

These are the conclusions of one of the the largest reports to have ever been conducted on the health risks of electronic cigarettes. from...

Medical News Today: Breast cancer: Body fat, not weight, poses major risk

Recent evidence backs a surprising finding: women with high body fat levels are at increased risk of breast cancer, even if their overall we...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Bruno Mars caps off big Grammys night with Album of the Year 01/28/18 11:07 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Fox News’ 'Scandalous' takes deep dive into Bill Clinton-Paula Jones lawsuit, 8 pm ET 01/28/18 7:31...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Detroit officer shot in the head last week dies 01/28/18 2:51 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert 5 people dead after shooting at Pennsylvania car wash, police say 01/28/18 9:46 AM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Roger Federer beats Marin Cilic to win Australian Open title 01/28/18 6:41 AM

Medical News Today: How your gut can make you seem smarter than you really are

New research furthers our understanding of the connection between our gut and our brain, and reveals surprising ways in which our gut drives...

Medical News Today: What to know about tarsal tunnel syndrome

A look at tarsal tunnel syndrome, a condition where the foot becomes inflamed. Included are details on diagnosis and the outlook for people ...

Medical News Today: Kiwi compound may prevent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Research suggests that a compound found in kiwi and celery may prevent fatty liver in offspring born to mothers who ate a high-fat diet in p...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Las Vegas mogul Steve Wynn resigns as RNC finance chair amid claims of sexual misconduct 01/27/18 3:28 PM

Medical News Today: What you need to know about the xiphoid process

A look at the xiphoid process, a tiny bone structure within the sternum. Included are details on the symptoms in this area and how to treat ...

Medical News Today: Can type 2 diabetes become insulin dependent diabetes?

It is sometimes thought that people with type 2 diabetes may develop type 1. Learn why some people with type 2 diabetes may be called insuli...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Michigan attorney general gives update into how Michigan State University handled Larry Nassar allegations ...

Medical News Today: Battered woman syndrome: Stages and recovery

Battered woman syndrome is a condition that can develop as a result of an abusive relationship. Learn about the symptoms, stages, and compli...

Medical News Today: Does metformin help you lose weight?

We examine what impact metformin might have on weight loss, how this drug is used to treat diabetes, and whether or not it helps people to l...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Kabul suicide car bombing death toll rises to at least 95 people, officials say 01/27/18 9:11 AM

Medical News Today: Is it seborrheic keratosis or skin cancer?

Seborrheic keratosis is a noncancerous condition that can look a lot like melanoma. In this article, learn about the difference and when to ...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Ambulance used in deadly Kabul suicide bombing, officials say 01/27/18 5:53 AM

Medical News Today: Female relatives 'nag' the most, says study

We all have to deal with troublesome relationships, but which social ties do we find most 'difficult' and why don't we simply cu...

Medical News Today: Could vitamin D supplements treat IBS?

A review of existing research indicates that vitamin D supplements could help to ease symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome, such as abdomina...

Medical News Today: Yoga poses for thyroid conditions

Can yoga be beneficial for people with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism? We look at the evidence and list the best yoga poses for thyroid ...

Citing Deaths of Lab Monkeys, F.D.A. Ends an Addiction Study

By SHEILA KAPLAN from NYT Health http://ift.tt/2rI8IKu

More Than 150 Women Described Sexual Abuse By Lawrence Nassar. Will Their Testimony Help Them Heal?

By BENEDICT CAREY from NYT Health http://ift.tt/2FkVMvY

Medical News Today: How does diabetes affect wound healing?

Diabetes can cause wounds to heal more slowly. This increases the risk that people with diabetes will develop infections and other complicat...

Medical News Today: How can you lower your blood sugar levels?

We take a look at a number of ways for people to lower their blood sugar levels. Options include lifestyle changes, diet, and natural remedi...

Medical News Today: Eating less may not the best way to lose weight, study shows

A new trial explores the effect of varying the portion size of food and making healthful, low-calorie choices on women who are trying to los...

This Flu Season Is the Worst in Nearly a Decade

By DONALD G. McNEIL Jr. from NYT Health http://ift.tt/2DBU60I

Medical News Today: What are the best foods to fight aging?

What are some of the best foods for a healthful diet that will help you live a long and happy life? Read on to learn which dietary staples t...

Medical News Today: Is it safe to get Botox while breast-feeding?

A look at Botox and breast-feeding safety. Included is detail on how Botox affects the body and other side effects that are important for mo...

Medical News Today: How does high cholesterol cause cancer? Study sheds light

Researchers have discovered a cell mechanism in which cholesterol influences the proliferation of stem cells and the growth of intestinal tu...

Medical News Today: HCV RNA PCR test: Qualitative and quantitative results

The HCV RNA PCR test is a blood test used to diagnose hepatitis C and measure the level of the hepatitis C virus in the bloodstream. from ...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert President Trump speaks at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland 01/26/18 7:59 AM

Medical News Today: How do you prevent sweating after eating?

Gustatory sweating is a condition that causes sweating when someone eats, talks, or thinks about food. We look at the causes and treatment o...

Medical News Today: I tried cupping, and this is how it felt

Recently, cupping has become popular with sportspeople and celebrities. I gave it a try and, in this feature, I explain how it felt and if i...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Trump slams NY Times report as 'fake news' 01/26/18 5:01 AM

Medical News Today: How does fiber prevent weight gain?

A new study takes a fresh look at the relationship between dietary fiber, obesity, inflammation, and gut bacteria. A potential mechanism is ...

Medical News Today: This diet may slow cognitive decline after stroke

The risk of developing dementia doubles after having a stroke. Find out which diet can potentially stave off cognitive decline, according to...

Medical News Today: Salpingo-oophorectomy: Preparation, side effects, and recovery

A salpingo-oophorectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the ovaries and fallopian tubes. Learn more about the types of surgery and length ...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Trump said he wanted to fire Mueller last June but later backed off, source tells Fox News 01/25/18 10:10 P...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Trump immigration proposal could provide path to citizenship for 1.8 million in US illegally 01/25/18 5:57 ...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Mitt Romney likely to announce run for Utah's Senate seat next week, Fox Business reports 01/25/18 4:34...

F.D.A. Panel Rejects Philip Morris’ Claim That Tobacco Stick Is Safer Than Cigarettes

By SHEILA KAPLAN from NYT Health http://ift.tt/2ndTuY1

Medical News Today: What to eat if you have hepatitis C

Hepatitis C can damage the liver and lead to cirrhosis, or scarring of the liver. Damage to the liver may mean that a person needs to modify...

Medical News Today: What happens in gluten ataxia?

Learn about gluten ataxia, where the intake of gluten can trigger an attack on the nervous system. We look at the symptoms, diagnosis, and t...

Medical News Today: Turmeric compound could boost memory and mood

A compound in the popular spice turmeric — called curcumin — has been found to improve the memory and mood of older adults in a new study. ...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Missing text messages between two FBI employees have been located, according to a DOJ official 01/25/18 12:...

Medical News Today: Five hobbies that can improve your health

Looking to take up a new hobby this year? We look at five past-times that are not only fun, but which could have significant benefits for he...

Medical News Today: Tips for a healthy immune system

What are the best ways to boost the immune system and can they give you enhanced protection against infections and diseases? We take a look....

Medical News Today: What to know about CIDP

A look at chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), a condition where that causes nerve damage. Included is detail on treatm...

Medical News Today: Heart disease: 'Just one cigarette daily' raises risk

Just one cigarette per day raises the risk of coronary heart disease to around half that of smoking 20, according to a new review of publish...

Medical News Today: What is acute hepatitis C and is it serious?

Learn about acute hepatitis C, the form of the disease that occurs within 2 weeks to 6 months of exposure to the vírus. We look at symptoms ...

Medical News Today: Amelanotic melanoma: Symptoms, treatment, and prevention

Amelanotic melanoma is a type of skin cancer that causes a growth or mole without any melanin. The growth may be pink or red. Learn more. ...

Medical News Today: Pancreatic cancer: Modified flu virus destroys tumors

Scientists destroyed pancreatic cancer cells using a modified flu virus. If confirmed in clinical trials, the findings could offer new treat...

Medical News Today: A hidden culprit? Flu may heighten heart attack risk

The flu may pose more health risk than we would expect, especially for groups at risk of heart disease, as it heightens vulnerability to hea...

Medical News Today: Myositis ossificans: Symptoms and treatment

Myositis ossificans is a condition where bone tissue forms inside muscle or other soft tissue after an injury. Learn about the symptoms and ...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Colorado sheriff’s deputy dies in shooting, manhunt reportedly on for suspects 01/25/18 12:29 AM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Conservative commentator Ben Shapiro talks about UConn speech coming up on 'The Ingraham Angle,' 10 p...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Michigan State president to resign Thursday amid Larry Nassar scandal, AP reports 01/24/18 8:46 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert More than 20 White House aides have been interviewed for Mueller probe; Trump says he looks forward to speaki...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Chipper Jones, Jim Thome, Vladimir Guerrero, Trevor Hoffman elected to Baseball Hall of Fame 01/24/18 6:28 ...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Chipper Jones, Jim Thome, Vladimir Guerrero, Trevor Hoffman elected to Baseball Hall of Fame 01/24/18 6:28 ...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Fox News Poll: As Trump ends year one, record number say economy is 'excellent' 01/24/18 6:03 PM

New Findings Could Save Lives of More Stroke Patients

By DENISE GRADY from NYT Health http://ift.tt/2n9lyMX

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert 4 US citizens killed, 2 injured in Taliban attack Saturday at Kabul hotel, State Department confirms 01/24/...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert 4 US citizens killed, 2 injured in Taliban attack Saturday at Kabul hotel, State Department confirms 01/24/...

Medical News Today: What you should know about balloon sinuplasty

A look at balloon sinuplasty, a type of nasal surgery that is used to treat rhinosinusitis. Included is detail on safety and recovery time. ...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Thousands of FBI cellphones affected by glitch that lost ex-Mueller team officials' texts 01/24/18 3:02...

Medical News Today: What to do about cold sweats

A look at cold sweats, where a person sweats without requiring the body to cool down. Included is detail on situations where someone might e...

Medical News Today: Drug resistance: Could these onions help us win the war?

Researchers find that compounds from a species of onion can kill the tuberculosis bacterium. Could this be the key to combatting drug resist...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Larry Nassar sentenced to 40 to 175 years in prison 01/24/18 12:40 PM

Medical News Today: Long-term risks and benefits of C-section revealed

A large review of existing observational studies and randomized trials looks at the long-term health risks and benefits associated with havi...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert DOJ issues harsh warning to 23 cities 01/24/18 12:20 PM

Medical News Today: What you should know about third nipples

A look a third (sometimes called supernumary) nipples, a rare condition where a person has an extra one. Included is detail on causes and di...

Medical News Today: Anemia treatments may arise from red blood cell discovery

A discovery about the hormone EPO explains why the body does not make enough red blood cells in iron-restricted anemias and could lead to ne...

Medical News Today: Is it possible to catch thrush?

A look at thrush, a condition that is not contagious in adults but may develop in those at risk. Included is detail on the outlook for the c...

Is placebo response in antidepressant trials rising or not? A reanalysis of datasets to conclude this long-lasting controversy

It had long been believed that placebo response rates in antidepressant trials have been increasing and that they were responsible for rising numbers of so-called failed antidepressant trials. Two recent systematic reviews examined this issue and reached completely opposite findings. Furukawa and colleagues in a paper published in 2016 found that the placebo response rates are stable since 1991 and the apparent increase up to 2000 was confounded by changes in trial design features. By contrast, Khan and colleagues more recently concluded that placebo response rates had grown steadily in the past 30 years. The two reviews differed in the datasets they used, definitions of placebo response and statistical analyses. In this perspective article, we examined if such differences were responsible for the two reviews’ contrasting conclusions. Our reanalyses confirmed our previous results. We found that in any dataset and for any placebo response definition, there was no increase in placebo response over the years when the analysis was adjusted for the confounders related to study design features or when it was limited to studies published after 1990s. We conclude that placebo response in antidepressant trials has remained stable for the past 25 years, during which time the large majority of the studies have come to share similar design features.
 
 
from Evidence-Based Mental Health current issue http://ift.tt/2n6sxGn

Is placebo response in antidepressant trials rising or not? A reanalysis of datasets to conclude this long-lasting controversy

It had long been believed that placebo response rates in antidepressant trials have been increasing and that they were responsible for risin...

Multiple indicators of ill health are evident in people with psychosis

NMDA receptor antibodies are found in a small subgroup of patients with first-episode psychosis, but their clinical relevance is unknown

Children with mental health disorders have lower symptoms of depression 3 years after contact with mental health services

Web-based cognitive behaviour therapy for insomnia shows long-term efficacy in improving chronic insomnia

The limitations of using randomised controlled trials as a basis for developing treatment guidelines

Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the ‘gold standard’ by which novel psychotropic medications and psychological interventions are evaluated and consequently adopted into widespread clinical practice. However, there are some limitations to using RCTs as the basis for developing treatment guidelines. While RCTs allow researchers to determine whether a given medication or intervention is effective in a specific patient sample, for practicing clinicians it is more important to know whether it will work for their particular patient in their particular setting. This information cannot be garnered from an RCT. These inherent limitations are exacerbated by biases in design, recruitment, sample populations and data analysis that are inevitable in real-world studies. While trial registration and CONSORT have been implemented to correct and improve these issues, it is worrying that many trials fail to achieve such standards and yet their findings are used to inform clinical decision making. This perspective piece questions the assumptions of RCTs and highlights the widespread distortion of findings that currently undermine the credibility of this powerful design. It is recommended that the clinical guidelines include advice as to what should be considered good and relevant evidence and that external bodies continue to monitor RCTs to ensure that the outcomes published indeed reflect reality.
 
 
from Evidence-Based Mental Health current issue http://ift.tt/2Bp5CL2

The limitations of using randomised controlled trials as a basis for developing treatment guidelines

Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the ‘gold standard’ by which novel psychotropic medications and psychological interventio...

Multifamily therapy may add to the effectiveness of single-family therapy for adolescents with anorexia nervosa

Establishing benefit of emotion-focused, carer-based interventions for adolescents with anorexia nervosa

L-methylfolate cannot yet be recommended as an add-on treatment in schizophrenia

A systematic review of network meta-analyses for pharmacological treatment of common mental disorders

Effects of drinking on late-life brain and cognition

Alcohol consumption is common in Western countries and has been increasing in older adults. Latest figures from Great Britain suggest 75% of those over 65 years drink, an increase from 71% 10 years ago. Chronic heavy intake is a well-established cause of brain atrophy and dementia, with a recent long-term prospective study from the USA reporting a doubling of the odds of later severe memory impairment in those with a history of an alcohol use disorder. Drinking of moderate amounts has been reported to be protective for brain health in a number of epidemiological studies, including some claims of possibly reducing dementia risk. Rigorous recent research has questioned this belief, with new evidence of harmful associations in moderate drinkers compared with abstainers. This has raised suspicion that reported protective effects of moderate drinking were due to confounding by socioeconomic class and intelligence. Clinicians should look out for cognitive impairment in heavy drinkers, considering that abstinence may induce a degree of clinical improvement. Discussions with patients regarding moderate drinking should be informed by recent research. Health benefits of moderate drinking at least for cognitive function are questionable, and if they exist are probably limited to one unit of alcohol daily with respect to other body systems.
 
 
from Evidence-Based Mental Health current issue http://ift.tt/2n6RSQx

Effects of drinking on late-life brain and cognition

Alcohol consumption is common in Western countries and has been increasing in older adults. Latest figures from Great Britain suggest 75% of...

Engaging families in the management of adolescent self-harm

Adolescent self-harm is an emerging public health challenge. It is associated with later psychiatric and substance use disorders, unemployment and suicide. Family interventions have been effective in a range of adolescent mental health problems and for that reason were reviewed for their effectiveness in the management of adolescent self-harm. The search identified 10 randomised and 2 non-randomised controlled trial conducted in the high-income countries. For the most part the evidence is of low quality. The interventions were classified as brief single session, intermediate-level and intensive family interventions depending on the intensity and duration of treatment. Brief interventions did not reduce adolescent self-harm. Intermediate interventions such as the Resourceful Adolescent Parent Programme, Safe Alternatives for Teens and Youth Programme and attachment-based family treatment were effective in reducing suicidal behaviour (effect size 0.72), suicide attempts (P=0.01) and suicidal ideations (effect size 0.95), respectively in the short-term with an absence of long-term follow-up data. Intensive adolescent interventions such as dialectical behaviour therapy and mentalisation-based therapy reduced suicidal ideation (effect size 0.89) and self-harm (56% vs 83%, P=0.01), respectively. The persistence of effects beyond the intervention end point is not known in many interventions. Early involvement of the family, an evaluation of the risks at the end of an acute crisis episode and a stepped-care model taking into account level of suicide risk and resources available to an adolescent and her/his family are likely to promote better outcomes in adolescents who self-harm.
 
 
from Evidence-Based Mental Health current issue http://ift.tt/2BqUr4l

Engaging families in the management of adolescent self-harm

Adolescent self-harm is an emerging public health challenge. It is associated with later psychiatric and substance use disorders, unemployme...

Heart rate variability in bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder: a clinical review

Heart rate variability (HRV) in psychiatric disorders has become an increasing area of interest in recent years following technological adva...

WHO Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) Intervention Guide: a systematic review of evidence from low and middle-income countries

Causal inference from experiment and observation

Results from well-conducted randomised controlled studies should ideally inform on the comparative merits of treatment choices for a health condition. In the absence of this, one attempts to use evidence from the impact of treatment when administered according to decisions of the physicians and the patients (observational evidence). Naïve comparisons between treatment options using observational evidence will lead to biased results. Under certain conditions, however, it is possible to obtain valid estimates of the comparative merits of different treatments from observational data. Causal inference can be conceptualised as a framework aiming to provide valid information about causal effects of treatments using observational evidence. It can be viewed as a missing data problem in which each patient has two outcomes: the observed outcome under the treatment actually received and a counterfactual (unobserved) outcome had the patient received a different treatment. Methodological developments over the last decades clarified the appropriate conditions and methods to obtain valid comparisons. This article provides an introduction to some of these methods.
 
 
from Evidence-Based Mental Health current issue http://ift.tt/2n6hVrk

Causal inference from experiment and observation

Results from well-conducted randomised controlled studies should ideally inform on the comparative merits of treatment choices for a health ...

The role of rTMS for patients with severe PTSD and depression

Medical News Today: Does amla oil really work?

A look at amla oil and its potential use for hair growth. Included is detail on the preparation of the oil at home, and the other potential ...

Medical News Today: Infant formula upgrade: Prebiotics may boost memory

A recent study using piglets found that adding prebiotics to infant formula improved their memory and produced subtle changes in brain chemi...

Medical News Today: Childhood eczema, asthma may be relieved with new treatment

New research uses a combination of two anti-inflammatory compounds in an attempt to stop the development of the so-called atopic march. fr...

Medical News Today: How to stop your belly button smelling

A look at belly button smell, a common complaint with a variety of causes. Included is detail on why the belly button is susceptible to smel...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Former Mexican President Vicente Fox coming up on ‘Hannity’ 01/23/18 9:21 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Senate confirms Jerome Powell as Federal Reserve boss, replacing Janet Yellen 01/23/18 5:41 PM

New Index Rates Drug Companies in Fight Against ‘Superbugs’

By DONALD G. McNEIL Jr. from NYT Health http://ift.tt/2Dxuy4Y

Science Group Ranks Evidence on E-Cigarette Safety

By SHEILA KAPLAN from NYT Health http://ift.tt/2G8WwWa

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Strength during shutdown: Weekend strike in Syria takes out 150 ISIS terrorists, Pentagon says 01/23/18 4:3...

Medical News Today: Morphea: Causes, types, and outlook

Morphea is a rare skin condition that results in areas of skin becoming hardened or discolored. Learn more about the causes and prognosis. ...

Medical News Today: Alzheimer's: Protecting 'powerhouse' of cells may fuel new treatment

A new study provides further evidence that exposure to a highly toxic form of amyloid beta injures mitochondria and triggers early events in...

Medical News Today: Exercise may increase lifespan after breast cancer treatment

Aerobic and strength training may help to prolong breast cancer survivors' lifespans by tackling treatment side effects, such as obesity...

Medical News Today: Happiness may lie in 1 hour of screen time daily

Researchers at San Diego State University examine whether teens who spend a lot of time on their smartphones are more or less happy as a res...

Medical News Today: Best teas to drink for IBS

In this article, learn about teas for relieving the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome, including ginger, turmeric, peppermint, and chamom...

Medical News Today: All about the spleen

In this article, we discuss the spleen. We will explain what the spleen does, the types of cells involved, and what happens when it goes wro...

Medical News Today: Can a mole disappear?

When a new mole appears or a previously stable mole begins changing, it could be a sign of cancer. What about when a mole disappears? from...

Vaping Can Be Addictive and May Lure Teenagers to Smoking, Science Panel Concludes

By SHEILA KAPLAN from NYT Health http://ift.tt/2G8ZM3N

Medical News Today: Is sticky poop normal?

An examination of sticky poop, including whether or not it is normal. Included is detail on when to see a doctor and the foods that cause it...

Medical News Today: What is kernicterus and what are the symptoms?

Learn all about kernicterus, a form of brain damage linked to severe jaundice in newborns. We look at the complications, diagnosis, and trea...

Medical News Today: Children with autism may benefit from being bilingual

In a first-of-its-kind study, researchers find that children with autism spectrum disorders who are bilingual have improved cognitive flexib...

Medical News Today: The nutrient mix that could boost women's energy levels

Women experience certain nutritional deficiencies that affect their energy levels and their athletic performance. Could this supplement fix ...

Medical News Today: 'Cross-dressing' cells may improve cancer treatment

Researchers from Switzerland describe a new method that improves cancer immunotherapy by 'cross-dressing' the dendritic cells of the...

Medical News Today: What are simple partial seizures?

Simple partial seizures are a form of seizure where a person does not lose consciousness. Learn about the symptoms, causes, and treatment op...

Medical News Today: How does a short luteal phase affect fertility?

In this article, we take a look at short luteal phases, also known as luteal phase defects. We examine the symptoms, causes, and treatment o...

Medical News Today: What causes Fournier's gangrene?

A look at Fournier's gangrene, a potentially life-threatening form of necrotizing fasciitis. Included is detail on diagnosis and the out...

Medical News Today: Why regular coffee intake could worsen sports performance

Many athletes turn to caffeine as a way of boosting their performance, but a new study suggests that regular caffeine intake may have the op...

Medical News Today: How can we make better cancer drugs? Study sheds light

Researchers developed a technique to see how drugs bind to a cancer target. Find out how they plan to harness to knowledge to design better ...

Medical News Today: What to know about a black line on the nail

A look at a black line on the nail, a common change that can happen due to a range of causes. Included is detail on the diagnosis and when t...

Medical News Today: 'Just breathing' is enough to spread flu

New research reveals that the flu virus can spread in aerosol droplets that are formed during normal breathing, and not just through coughin...

Killing of Mother-Daughter Team Shakes Polio Eradication Drive in Pakistan

By DONALD G. McNEIL Jr. from NYT Health http://ift.tt/2BmIOeY

Medical News Today: Can weight gain be caused by tamoxifen?

A look at the link between tamoxifen and weight gain. Included is detail on why weight gain can occur in breast cancer treatment, and other ...

Medical News Today: What to know about swollen taste buds

A look at swollen taste buds, a condition where the taste buds become irritated and red. Included is detail on when to see a doctor and the ...

Medical News Today: Two drinks per day may be too much for men

A new study shows that men who start drinking as teenagers have a higher risk of liver disease. Dosage counts and current guidelines may be ...

Medical News Today: Can you get a tattoo while pregnant or breast-feeding?

In this article, learn about the risks of getting a tattoo while pregnant or breast-feeding. How can you identify and prevent an infection? ...

Medical News Today: Hormone-fueled breast cancer cells halted with new approach

Scientists identify where hormone-fueled breast cancer cells derive their energy from, and they find a way to block their access to it. fr...

Medical News Today: What is misophonia?

A look at misophonia a disorder that results in abnormally strong reactions to everyday human sounds, such as chewing. Included is detail on...

Medical News Today: What age do boys stop growing?

A look at when boys stop growing, which happens after puberty has finished. Included is detail on average height and the genetic factors inv...

Medical News Today: Hydrosalpinx: Symptoms, fertility, and treatment

Hydrosalpinx is the name for a condition where a woman's fallopian tube becomes blocked with fluid. Learn about how it affects fertility...

Medical News Today: At what age do girls stop growing?

A look at when girls stop growing. Included is detail on when puberty starts and finishes, in addition to what can prevent or delay developm...

Medical News Today: Can beet juice help treat erectile dysfunction?

Beet juice is becoming a popular home remedy for erectile dysfunction (ED), but can it really help a man get and keep an erection? We look a...

Medical News Today: Toxic substance may yield male birth control pill

Researchers reveal how a modified form of a plant-derived compound once used as a poison could be a viable candidate for a male birth contro...

Medical News Today: Being rich might make you want to hook up, but not for long

What is the impact of wealth and availability of resources on mating preferences? New research investigates and makes surprising discoveries...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert White House Press Secretary Sarah Sanders discusses government shutdown on 'America's News HQ' at...

Medical News Today: Purulent drainage: Color, types, and treatment

Purulent drainage is a thick and milky discharge from a wound that is often a sign of infection. Learn more about this and other types of dr...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Gunmen storm popular Kabul hotel, casualties unknown 01/20/18 12:55 PM

Medical News Today: What you should know about hyperkeratosis

A look at hyperkeratosis, a condition where the skin becomes thicker than normal. Included is detail on types of hyperkeratosis and when to ...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Watch the two-hour premiere of ‘Cavuto Live’ with Neil Cavuto on Fox News Channel 01/20/18 10:00 AM

Medical News Today: Blood transfusions: Is there a limit?

When do you need a blood transfusion? Is there a maximum number of blood transfusions a person can have? Find out in this article. from Fe...

Medical News Today: Is senna tea safe to drink?

A look at senna tea, which is used for many reasons including constipation relief. Included is detail on drug interactions and the potential...

Medical News Today: What sleep talkers say during slumber

If you're a sleep talker, read on. Researchers reveal the words we're most likely to say during slumber — many of which shouldn'...

Medical News Today: Adenopathy: Symptoms, causes, and treatment

Adenopathy is any disease or inflammation that involves glandular tissue or lymph nodes. Learn about what causes swollen lymph nodes. from...

Medical News Today: Cancer breakthrough: Novel approach can 'starve' tumors to death

Current research investigates the potential of an experimental compound in causing cancer cell 'starvation' by depriving them of acc...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert No deal to avoid federal government shutdown as deadline passes 01/20/18 12:16 AM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Rock legend Tom Petty may have died because of an accidental drug overdose, family members say 01/19/18 7:4...

Trump Passed a Cognitive Exam. What Does That Really Mean?

By GINA KOLATA from NYT Health http://ift.tt/2EWVyLc

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Las Vegas gunman had child porn, possible help from mystery man, police say 01/19/18 1:32 PM

Medical News Today: What is panniculitis? Causes and treatment

Panniculitis causes large, tender bumps to form under the skin. They usually occur on the lower legs but can affect other parts of the body....

Medical News Today: Eight cancers could be diagnosed with a single blood test

Researchers have created a blood test that can detect eight cancer types with high specificity, representing a major step forward in cancer ...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert President Trump summons Schumer to negotiate deal to avert government shutdown 01/19/18 1:03 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert WATCH LIVE: Las Vegas police provide updates on October massacre 01/19/18 12:59 PM

Medical News Today: Why you shouldn't put off that Pap test any longer

It's Cervical Health Awareness Month, so we turn to an important topic: the Pap test. What is it, should it scare you, and why should yo...

Medical News Today: Flu vaccine: Nasal drops may succeed where shots have failed

Scientists use a novel approach to design flu vaccines in which the body's immune response is preserved and the virus's defense mech...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert WATCH LIVE: Trump addresses March for Life participants from White House 01/19/18 12:24 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert White House coins Trump-style tag in effort to blame top Dem for budget impasse 01/19/18 12:05 PM

Medical News Today: How to stop racing thoughts

A look at racing thoughts and how to stop them. Included is detail on how to calm the mind and medical options for racing thoughts that are ...

Medical News Today: Bikram yoga does not have to be hot to benefit health

Doing 12 weeks of Bikram yoga in a hot room results in similar improvement to vascular health as doing the same program at normal temperatur...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert WATCH LIVE: White House holds briefing on potential government shutdown 01/19/18 11:01 AM

One Day Your Mind May Fade. At Least You’ll Have a Plan.

By PAULA SPAN from NYT Health http://ift.tt/2ETJASQ

Medical News Today: What you should know about anuria

A look at anuria, a condition when the kidneys stop production of urine. Included is detail on diagnosis and the potential treatment options...

Medical News Today: What you should know about alopecia universalis

A look at alopecia universalis, a condition resulting in hair loss across the entire body. Included is detail on diagnosis and the relations...

Medical News Today: Coconut oil: Healthful or unhealthful?

Coconut oil is shrouded in controversy. While health organizations advise a limited intake, it is seen by many as a superfood. What is the l...

Medical News Today: All you need to know about hip flexor strain

A look at hip flexor strain that can occur when the hip flexor muscles are overstretched or injured. Included is detail on surgery and preve...

Medical News Today: Colon cancer: Could proinflammatory diets raise risk?

A large-scale study examines the link between diets rich in pro-inflammatory markers and the risk of developing colorectal cancer. from Fe...

Medical News Today: Could Botox stop teeth grinding?

If, like me, you grind your teeth when you sleep, you might be interested in this study. It claims that Botox could help to treat bruxism. ...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert House OKs temporary spending bill to avoid shutdown; future in Senate unclear 01/18/18 7:48 PM

Young Women Are Using A.D.H.D. Drugs in Greater Numbers, C.D.C. Reports

By BENEDICT CAREY from NYT Health http://ift.tt/2DpG9XJ

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert WATCH LIVE: Trump talks taxes, economy during Pa. speech at 3:05 p.m. ET 01/18/18 2:52 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Parents accused of shackling 13 kids are charged with torture, could face life in prison 01/18/18 2:26 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert All nine victims identified in alleged Arizona serial killer case 01/18/18 2:13 PM

Medical News Today: Traction alopecia: Symptoms and prevention

Traction alopecia is hair loss caused by tight hairstyles. Caught early, it is fully reversible and the hair can regrow. Learn more about tr...

Medical News Today: Are our weight loss efforts doomed to fail?

So many of us try so hard to reach the ideal body weight that we desire, but the question is: once we achieve our weight goal, can we mainta...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Arizona man killed nine people in three-week span, police say 01/18/18 1:15 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Senate votes to approve reauthorization of controversial FISA surveillance provision 01/18/18 1:01 PM

Medical News Today: Cannabis: Brain alterations may explain feelings of alienation

New research examines the effects of heavy cannabis use on brain activity, behavior, and feelings of negative emotionality such as alienatio...

Medical News Today: The 10 best blogs for eating disorders

If you or a loved one live with an eating disorder, helpful advice and support from those in a similar situation can be gained from eating d...

Medical News Today: Turmeric for IBS: Does it work?

We look at the claims that turmeric can help symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), discuss how it may be used, and if there are risks....

Medical News Today: Scientists create new molecule to combat pain

A decoy molecule that interrupts reactions that occur at the site of an injury could lead to new pain drugs that do not involve the central ...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert US marshal dead, at least 2 other officials wounded in Pa. gunfight, mayor says 01/18/18 10:29 AM

Questions and Answers About This Year’s Flu Season

By DONALD G. McNEIL Jr. from NYT Health http://ift.tt/2mLtovl

Medical News Today: 10 rashes caused by ulcerative colitis

This article looks at skin conditions that are related to ulcerative colitis, including psoriasis, vitiligo, and hives. Learn about causes a...

Medical News Today: Which Fitzpatrick skin type are you?

Fitzpatrick skin typing is a way of classifying different types of skin. What does a person's Fitzpatrick skin type tell us about their ...

Medical News Today: Popular morning sickness drug 'ineffective,' study reveals

When diet and non-medical treatments fail, a drug to treat morning sickness may be the answer. But new research calls its effectiveness into...

Medical News Today: Starting periods early linked to health risks later in life

A study involving almost half a million people finds that a range of reproductive factors increase the risk of cardiovascular disease later ...

Medical News Today: How gum disease could lead to cancer

How well do you look after your oral health? New research has now linked the bacteria responsible for gum disease with certain types of canc...

Medical News Today: Anti-aging proteins may treat diabetes, obesity, and cancer

A study explores proteins involved in longevity, which may help design treatments for a range of diseases, including obesity, some cancers, ...

Medical News Today: What to know about interstitial lung disease

A look at interstitial lung disease, a group of diseases that make it difficult to get enough oxygen. Included is detail on types and compli...

Fed Up With Drug Companies, Hospitals Decide to Start Their Own

By REED ABELSON and KATIE THOMAS from NYT Health http://ift.tt/2mRUUrN

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert South Carolina deputy dies after ‘ambush’ shooting 01/17/18 8:38 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert President Trump reveals winners of his ‘Fake News’ awards 01/17/18 8:03 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert White House Chief of Staff John Kelly talks Trump, Russia and more on ‘Special Report,’ 6 pm ET 01/17/18 5:...

Given Medicine, the Patients Got Better. They Remained in Shackles Anyway.

By BENEDICT CAREY from NYT Health http://ift.tt/2De9uA4

Treatment Offers Hope for Imprisoned California Siblings

By JAN HOFFMAN from NYT Health http://ift.tt/2DnXhfw

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert WATCH LIVE: Trump, Pence, top lawmakers present Bob Dole with Congressional Gold Medal at 3 pm ET 01/17/18 ...

Medical News Today: Do any weight loss pills really work?

In this article, we take a look at nine types of pills and supplements that are proposed to help support weight loss, examining the evidence...

Medical News Today: What gaining and shedding weight does to our body

Putting on and losing weight even for a short time can result in dramatic changes in the body's molecular profile, according to a study ...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert WATCH LIVE: Press secretary Sarah Sanders holds White House briefing 01/17/18 1:03 PM

Medical News Today: Migraine relief: Prediction system may help to prevent pain

A team of Spanish-based researchers has simulated a migraine prediction system that may drastically improve the lives of people living with ...

Medical News Today: Why we're more likely to overeat in the evening

Stress and changes in levels of 'hunger hormones' may help to explain why we're more likely to overeat in the evening than earli...

Medical News Today: All you need to know about vaginal boils

Learn about vaginal boils, which result in pus-filled lumps around a hair follicle. Included is detail on home remedies and when to see a do...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Arizona Republican Sen. Jeff Flake blasts Trump for attacks on press 01/17/18 10:33 AM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Steve Bannon agrees to meet with Robert Mueller 01/17/18 10:23 AM

Medical News Today: Dopamine deficiency: What you need to know

A dopamine deficiency is linked to several health conditions, including Parkinson's disease and depression. Learn more about the symptom...

Medical News Today: Endometrial ablation: What you need to know

Endometrial ablation is a procedure to remove the uterine lining. It may help women who have heavy or long periods, or bleeding in between p...

Medical News Today: How you speak to your child may fuel obesity

A study finds that the way a parent speaks to their child may influence their weight. Parents of obese children were more likely to use dire...

Medical News Today: Is surgery better than dieting for weight loss outcomes?

A new study has compared long-term outcomes for weight loss surgery and nonsurgical obesity interventions. Which is linked to lower all-caus...

Medical News Today: What are phytoestrogens? Benefits and foods

Phytoestrogens are a natural compound found in plants. When eaten, they may affect a person in the same way as estrogen produced by the body...

Medical News Today: Parkinson's: How a 'bad' enzyme might protect the brain

Reduced levels of a mitochondrial enzyme were previously thought to destroy neurons in Parkinson's disease. The opposite may, in fact, b...

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Attorney General Jeff Sessions talks to ‘Tucker’ at 8pm ET on Fox News 01/16/18 7:56 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert Navy files homicide charges against commanders of 2 ships in deadly crashes 01/16/18 6:49 PM

Fox News Breaking News Alert

Fox News Breaking News Alert President Trump's medical exam results to be discussed at White House press briefing 01/16/18 3:21 PM

Medical News Today: What you should know about neurosarcoidosis

A look at neurosarcoidosis, an inflammatory disease that can affect most organs in the body. Included is detail on outlook and the causes co...

Medical News Today: Diabetes: Surprising gene discovery could fuel new treatments

Researchers have identified a single gene mutation that may be responsible for both high and low blood sugar levels in a single family. fr...